Enhancing the academic performance of students through an online learning system: A case study of Makurumla Secondary School, Tanzania

Abstract

This study intended to investigate the possibility of using online learning as the solution for improving students’ academic performance at Makurumla Secondary School. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) are used to lead this study. A mixed methods approach is employed because it allowed for a comprehensive understanding of the role of online learning in improving students’ academic performance. The quantitative data provided measurable evidence on patterns, trends, and the effectiveness of online learning tools, while the qualitative data offered deeper insights into teachers’ and parents’ experiences, perceptions, and challenges. Therefore, using both methods together ensured that the research captured not only statistical relationships but also the contextual realities behind them. The stratified random sampling technique was used. The study was conducted at Makurumla Secondary School in Ubungo Municipality. The target population for this study included teachers, students, and parents, from which a sample of 321 respondents was selected to provide data for the study. Data collection methods include questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data are processed by using SPSS and analyzed using descriptive data analysis and multiple regression analysis. While in Qualitative data from interviews and focus group discussions are analyzed through content analysis and MAXQDA software, which is a qualitative and mixed-methods data analysis software used by the researchers to organize, code, analyze, and visualize data. The findings reveal that the majority of the students at Makurumla Secondary School are interested in and have access to an online learning system at their home, but the school infrastructure does not support implementing the online learning system. The study concluded that for the implementation of online learning in secondary schools, there should be sufficient and supportive infrastructure, such as computers, computer laboratories, stable electricity, and strong internet connectivity. The study recommended that the school should ensure that students and teachers have access to digital devices and a strong and stable internet connection, and that teachers receive proper training to use the online learning system effectively.