Supply chain challenges and fresh beef post-harvest losses: Evidence from urban markets in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.7.3.136Keywords:
Fresh Beef, Cold Chain, Intermediary Support Services, Post-Harvest Loss, Road InfrastructureAbstract
Fresh beef has a role in urban food security, nutrition in households and livelihoods of the livestock supply chain actors; however, because it is perishable in nature, unsold fresh beef is very susceptible to deterioration and economic losses. This study examined the effect of cold chain infrastructure, roads infrastructure, and intermediate services on vulnerability to post harvest losses of fresh beef in Buguruni and Temeke markets in Dar es Salaam. The study was guided by Supply Chain Resilience Theory and Transaction Cost Economics. Explanatory cross sectional survey design was used. A sample of 109 respondents out of a total population of 150 value chain actors dealing in fresh beef was obtained using Yamane’s finite population formula and proportionate stratified sampling method. The data was collected through structured questionnaires. The responses provided by respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation and multiple regression. The model was found to be statistically significant with an explanatory power of 57.1%. The strongest effect on reducing losses was seen with road infrastructure, followed by cold chain infrastructure and support services for intermediaries. The research thus came to the conclusion that losses in fresh beef arise due to interlinked limitations of transportation, storage, affordability, and coordination of markets. The study recommended that the government to improve roads and scheduling of deliveries, development of cold storage facilities with necessary utilities, and demand information.
Downloads
References
Adam, A. M. (2020). Sample size determination in survey research. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 26(5), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2020/v26i530263
Adong, A., Ambler, K., Bloem, J. R., de Brauw, A., Herskowitz, S., Islam, A. H. M. S., & Wagner, J. (2025). The unmet financial needs of intermediary firms within agri-food value chains in Uganda and Bangladesh. Food Policy, 132, 102838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102838
Ambler, K., de Brauw, A., Herskowitz, S., & Pulido, C. (2023). Viewpoint: Finance needs of the agricultural midstream. Food Policy, 121, 102530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102530
Ameye, H., Hülsen, V., Glatzel, K., Laar, A., & Qaim, M. (2025). Urbanizing food environments in Africa: Challenges and opportunities for improving accessibility, affordability, convenience, and desirability of healthy diets. Food Policy, 137, 102981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102981
Barrett, C. B., Reardon, T., Swinnen, J., & Zilberman, D. (2022). Agri-food value chain revolutions in low- and middle-income countries. Journal of Economic Literature, 60(4), 1316-1377. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.20201539
Baykoca, B., & Yılmaz, S. (2025). Understanding food loss patterns across developed and developing countries using a GDP, growth rate, and health expenditure-based typology. Scientific Reports, 15, 27597. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13156-3
Boateng, G. O., Neilands, T. B., Frongillo, E. A., Melgar-Quiñonez, H. R., & Young, S. L. (2018). Best practices for developing and validating scales for health, social, and behavioral research: A primer. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, Article 149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00149
Christopher, M., & Peck, H. (2004). Building the resilient supply chain. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 15(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090410700275
Coase, R. H. (1937). The nature of the firm. Economica, 4(16), 386-405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0335.1937.tb00002.x
Codex Alimentarius Commission. (2005). Code of hygienic practice for meat (CXC 58-2005). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization. https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/codes-of-practice/
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). SAGE.
Davoudi, S., Stasinopoulos, P., & Shiwakoti, N. (2024). Two decades of advancements in cold supply chain management: A scientometric analysis of the beef industry. Sustainability, 16(16), 6986. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16166986
Deng, Z., Sun, S., Shi, Y., Hu, Y., Lü, X., & Shan, Y. (2024). Effect of cold chain interruption on the metabolic composition and quality properties of fresh beef. Food Science of Animal Products, 2(2), Article 9240060. https://doi.org/10.26599/FSAP.2023.9240060
Dome, M. M., & Prusty, S. (2017). Determination of vegetable postharvest loss in the last-mile supply chain in Tanzania: A lean perspective. International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 27(2), 133-150. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLSM.2017.083808
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). SAGE.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage.
Hannah, C., Blekking, J., Davies, J., Battersby, J., Chilenga, A., Kabuya, D., & Toriro, P. (2025). Urban African food systems as sites of challenges and opportunities for household food equity and resilience. Ecology and Society, 30(3), Article 28. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-16259-300328
Issa, I. M., Munishi, E. J., & Mubarack, K. (2021). Post-harvest losses for urban fresh fruits and vegetables along the continuum of supply chain functions: Evidence from Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania. Canadian Social Science, 17(5), 75-87. https://doi.org/10.3968/12300
Jeffer, S. B., Kassem, I. I., Kharroubi, S. A., & Abebe, G. K. (2021). Analysis of food safety management systems in the beef meat processing and distribution chain in Uganda. Foods, 10(10), 2244. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102244
Karwowska, M., Łaba, S., & Szczepański, K. (2021). Food loss and waste in the meat sector-Why the consumption stage generates the most losses? Sustainability, 13(11), 6227. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116227https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116227
Khalid, R. U., Jajja, M. S. S., & Ahsan, M. B. (2024). Supply chain sustainability and risk management in food cold chains: A literature review. Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications, 6(2), 193-221. https://doi.org/10.1108/MSCRA-07-2023-0030
Kibona, C. A., & Yuejie, Z. (2021). Factors that influence market participation among traditional beef cattle farmers in the Meatu District of Simiyu Region, Tanzania. PLOS ONE, 16(4), e0248576. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248576
Kibona, C. A., et al. (2022). Exploring the factors that influence beef meat exports in Tanzania. PLOS ONE, 17(6), e0270146. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270146
Kilelu, C. W., Musyoka, D. M., & Kalele, D. N. (2024). Unraveling smallholder food loss and value for sustainable cold chain investments: A case of horticultural value chains in Kiambu County, Kenya. Frontiers in Horticulture, 3, 1474056. https://doi.org/10.3389/fhort.2024.1474056
Ma, W., Rahut, D. B., Sonobe, T., & Gong, B. (2024). Linking farmers to markets: Barriers, solutions, and policy options. Economic Analysis and Policy, 82, 1102-1112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2024.05.005
Marion, P., Lwamba, E., Floridi, A., Pande, S., Bhattacharyya, M., Young, S., Villar, P. F., & Shisler, S. (2024). The effects of agricultural output market access interventions on agricultural, socio-economic, food security, and nutrition outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 20(2), e1411. https://doi.org/10.1002/cl2.1411
Misanga, M., & Yussuf, M. (2024). A post-harvest financial loss in small-scale fisheries supply chain in Tanzania: Case of Kivukoni Market, Ilala Municipality. Asian Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship and Social Science, 4(4). https://www.ajmesc.com/index.php/ajmesc/article/view/1075
Mmereki, D., David, V. E., Jr., & Wreh Brownell, A. H. (2024). The management and prevention of food losses and waste in low- and middle-income countries: A mini-review in the Africa region. Waste Management & Research, 42(4), 287-307. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X231184444
Mwashiuya, J. T., Manyele, S. V., & Mwaluko, G. M. (2018). Assessment of beef transportation infrastructure from slaughtering facilities in Tanzanian cities. Engineering, 10, 814-836. https://doi.org/10.4236/eng.2018.1011057
Olabode, O., Kumar, N., & De, D. (2025). Food loss and waste management in the retail food supply chain: Methods and framework to achieve environmental sustainability. Journal of Environmental Management, 387, 125718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125718
Pettit, T. J., Fiksel, J., & Croxton, K. L. (2010). Ensuring supply chain resilience: Development of a conceptual framework. Journal of Business Logistics, 31(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00125.x
Ponomarov, S. Y., & Holcomb, M. C. (2009). Understanding the concept of supply chain resilience. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 20(1), 124-143. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090910954873
Poo, M. C.-P., Wang, T., & Yang, Z. (2024). Global food supply chain resilience assessment: A case in the United Kingdom. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 181, 104018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2024.104018
Prinsen, G., Benschop, J., Cleaveland, S., et al. (2020). Meat safety in Tanzania's value chain: Experiences, explanations and expectations in butcheries and eateries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2833. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082833
Ren, Q.-S., Fang, K., Yang, X.-T., & Han, J.-W. (2022). Ensuring the quality of meat in cold chain logistics: A comprehensive review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 119, 133-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.006
Rutta, E. W. (2024). Postharvest food loss reduction and agriculture policy framework in Tanzania: Status and way forward. Agriculture & Food Security, 13, Article 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-024-00489-x
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2023). Research methods for business students (9th ed.). Pearson.
Teferra, T. F. (2022). The cost of postharvest losses in Ethiopia: Economic and food security implications. Heliyon, 8(3), e09077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09077
Williamson, O. E. (1979). Transaction-cost economics: The governance of contractual relations. Journal of Law and Economics, 22(2), 233-261. https://doi.org/10.1086/466942
Williamson, O. E. (1985). The economic institutions of capitalism. Free Press.
World Bank. (2024). Tanzania economic update: Overcoming demographic and climate challenges while leveraging opportunities. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/tanzania/publication/tanzania-economic-update
World Bank. (2025). Transport connectivity for food security in Africa: Strengthening supply chains. https://www.worldbank.org/en/region/afr
Zhang, B., & Mohammad, J. (2024). Sustainability of perishable food cold chain logistics: A systematic literature review. SAGE Open, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241280455
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yussuf Masoud

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.













