Underutilisation of library resources and services among students in selected academic programmes at Kapasa Makasa University, Zambia

Abstract

The underutilisation of library resources and Services remains a persistent challenge in higher education institutions globally, regionally, and locally including at Kapasa Makasa University, Zambia. Although library resources and Services play a critical role in supporting students’ academic success, their use remains low. This study investigated the underutilisation of library resources and Services among second, third, and fourth-year students from five (5) selected academic programmes at Kapasa Makasa University. Guided by Information Foraging Theory (IFT) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study sought to establish the factors contributing to underutilisation of library resources and Services, students’ perceptions of these resources and Services, and the challenges students faced in accessing and utilising them. Anchored in an interpretivist research philosophy, the study employed a qualitative exploratory single-case study design to generate in-depth contextual insights. A purposive sample of thirty (30) students and five (5) librarians was selected using heterogeneous and expert sampling techniques. Data were collected using a structured interview guide and analysed manually using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that underutilisation is a multifaceted and systemic phenomenon influenced by interrelated factors including inadequate and outdated subject-specific materials, reliance on alternative information sources, insufficient computers and power sockets, unstable internet connectivity, restrictive policies, environmental discomfort, and interruptions in reader Services. The challenges faced by students included an insufficient and outdated physical library collection, noise and high temperatures, strict library rules and regulations, limited operating hours, poor access to digital platforms, limited information literacy skills, and fear of financial liability. The study concluded that improving library utilisation requires a comprehensive, student-centred, and systematic approach. It recommended strengthening collection development policies, information literacy programmes, collaboration between librarians and lecturers, improving infrastructure, reviewing restrictive policies, extending operating hours, simplifying borrowing procedures, restricting non-library activities in library spaces, and providing alternative offices for non-library staff to promote effective use of library resources and Services.