Challenges in the Interplay between Ethnic Identity and Economic Development in Western Kenya since 1963

Abstract

This article delved on the relations that co-exist between ethnic identity and economic development with a special focus on Western part of Kenya. Its main objective focused on the challenges arising from the two entities. Various literatures were reviewed that built on the findings of the study. Interpretivism philosophy ideas were used to inform the findings supplemented by instrumental Marxism and Relative Deprivation Theories. Due to its historical nature, the research adopted historical research design. The research targeted 47 ethnic groups in Kenya, and therefore, due to the use of purposive and snowball techniques, the sample size reached was 192 respondents. Oral interviews, Focus group discussions and Open ended questionnaires were used to collect data, supplemented by secondary sources. Data collected was analyzed both by use of content and thematic techniques.  The research article found out that; ethnic divisions have often fueled political instability, leading to periodic episodes of violence, electoral tensions, and governance crises not only in western Kenya, but also nationally and even globally. Conclusively, it is recorded that; the polarization of ethnic identities in public discourse adds another layer of complexity, hindering the potential for inclusive growth and fostering division. Finally, the research article recommends that; promoting inclusive governance that ensures fair representation and participation of all ethnic groups in decision-making processes will help reduce political instability and foster unity.