Perceived organizational support and the occupational health and safety–organizational citizenship behaviour nexus: A multigroup analysis across high-risk sectors in the manufacturing, mining, and power sub-sectors of Ghana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.7.3.31Keywords:
Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, Occupational Health and Safety, Perceived Organizational Support, PLS-SEM Multigroup Analysis, Sectoral DynamicsAbstract
This paper examined the role of Occupational Health and Safety Climate (OHS) and Perceived Organizational Support on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the manufacturing, mining and power sub-sectors of Ghana. The Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the primary data collected from 384 frontline employees selected through purposive and stratified sampling techniques. Drawing from social exchange theory, the findings reveal that safety dimensions such as communication and feedback, safety compliance and safety participation predicted organizational citizenship behavior. Consistent with established frameworks, safety participation emerged as the most significant driver of extra-role behaviors. Perceived organizational support significantly predict OCB across all three sectors but did not moderate most of the OHS-OCB relationships. POS moderated only the Safety Training-OCB relationship especially in the power sub-sector. The multigroup permutation analysis revealed no significant differences across the sectors although effect size analysis revealed contextual differences where safety communication had more effect in the power sector and management commitment having the most impact in the mining sector. This study has extended safety science literature by highlighting the combined role of safety climate and organizational support in encouraging positive discretionary behaviors. However, since the cross-sectional research design limits causal inferences, it is important that future research use longitudinal approaches to confirm these link. Besides, sector-specific focus constrains the generalizability of the findings to other industries and national contexts. In practice, organizations could consider safety engagement, improve perceptions of organizational support and conduct safety programs according to industry-related risks to encourage citizenship behavior.
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