The influence of socio-demographic characteristics on health information needs and accessibility among secondary school students in Morogoro region, Tanzania

Abstract

The study examined the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on health information needs and accessibility among secondary school students in Morogoro Municipal Council and Ifakara Town Council. The Comprehensive Model of Information Seeking (CMIS) anchored this research. This study adopted a descriptive and analytical research design. The study involved 271 students from 10 secondary schools selected through systematic sampling and 99 key informants chosen purposefully. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, a key informant interview guide, and a focus group discussion guide. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, and means, were used, and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted. The results indicated that the most highly needed health information was the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (x̄ = 3.79), teeth management and care (x̄ = 3.40), and puberty and body changes (x̄ = 3.39). Furthermore, the most frequently accessed health information topics were types of food for a balanced diet (x̄ = 3.78) and physical exercises (x̄ = 3.43). In addition, age, class level, and students' place of residence significantly influenced their health information needs, while age and class level also influenced access to health information. The study concludes that students have moderate access to health information. The study findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, such as the establishment of health clubs in schools and the distribution of sufficient printed materials, to bridge information gaps and ultimately improve adolescent health literacy.