Contribution of New Media in the Reconciliation of Post-Genocide Rwanda: A Case Study of Selected Non-Governmental Organizations

Abstract

The 1994 Rwandan Tutsi genocide profoundly impacted social cohesion, highlighting the need for sustained reconciliation. Guided by Social Identity Theory, this study examines how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) leverage new media to promote reconciliation in post-genocide Rwanda. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research identifies the primary media platforms NGOs employ for reconciliatory messaging and assesses their influence on community perceptions. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire of 395 respondents, aged 35 and above, from both urban and rural areas, who rated reconciliatory messages on a five-point Likert scale. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, while semi-structured interviews with NGO program managers and youth leaders provided qualitative insights, analyzed thematically. The findings reveal a notable positive correlation (r = 0.596, p < 0.01) between interaction on new media platforms, especially Facebook and Twitter, and reconciliation outcomes. Approximately 88.6% of respondents reported that these platforms positively contributed to dialogue and mutual understanding. By combining quantitative and qualitative data, the study presents a well-rounded view of how NGOs apply digital tools to connect generations and promote social unity. The study concludes that strategic use of new media by NGOs can significantly support reconciliation in Rwanda. Recommendations include further investment in digital literacy programs to broaden access and specific assistance for NGOs to enhance their digital strategies.  This research offers practical insights for NGOs and policymakers aiming to use digital platforms for fostering peace, unity, and social rebuilding in post-conflict settings. Ethical practices, including informed consent and confidentiality, were strictly observed throughout the study.